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Total Chlorine

Chlorine in pool and spa water may be present in two forms. It is free chlorine that does the hard work of killing bacteria and oxidizing contaminants. (When you add a chlorine compound like Cal-Hypo or trichlor to your pool, you are actually adding free chlorine.) When the free chlorine combines with these contaminants, such as oils, swimmer waste and other organic compounds, it becomes combined chlorine, or chloramines. In pool and spa water, this form of chlorine has very little sanitizing ability, and no oxidizing ability. You can think of combined chlorine as a spent bullet.

Total chlorine is just the sum of both combined chlorine and free chlorine. In other words,

(total chlorine) = (free chlorine) plus (combined chlorine)

Knowing your total chlorine and free chlorine levels allow you to calculate combined chlorine (combined chlorine = total chlorine minus free chlorine). If the total chlorine level is higher than free chlorine, it is obvious that combined chlorine is present. In that case you need to shock or superchlorinate your pool or spa. To shock the pool, you add a free chlorine compound in an extra large dose. The high dosage of free chlorine will actually oxidize (destroy, burn off) the combined chlorine.

For more detailed advice on the chemical treatment of your pool or spa, contact a pool care professional.



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